Understanding the Complicated Relationship Between ENSO and Wintertime North Tropical Atlantic SST Variability

Two distinct roles of Atlantic SSTs in ENSO variability: North Tropical Atlantic SST and Atlantic Nio

[1] Two distinct roles of the Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs), namely, the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) SST and the Atlantic Niño, on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability are investigated using the observational data from 1980 to 2010 and coupled model experiments. It appears that the NTA SST and the Atlantic Niño can be used as two independent predictors for predicting...

Distinguishing Stratospheric Sudden Warmings from ENSO as Key Drivers of Wintertime Climate Variability over the North Atlantic and Eurasia

Stratospheric conditions are increasingly being recognized as an important driver of North Atlantic and Eurasian climate variability.Mindful that the observational record is relatively short, and that internal climate variability can be large, the authors here analyze a new 10-member ensemble of integrations of a stratosphereresolving, atmospheric general circulation model, forced with the obse...

North Atlantic Multidecadal SST Oscillation: External forcing versus internal variability

the relationship between critical thinking and reading strategies

during the process of reading, sometimes learners use ineffective and inefficient strategies and some factors may influence their use of strategies. perhaps critical thinking is one of these factors. this study aims to identify those categories of reading strategies that are mostly used by iranian efl learners and to see if there is any significant relationship between the critical thinking abi...

Interaction between Tropical Atlantic variability andEl

The interaction between tropical Atlantic variability and El Ni~ no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated using three ensembles of atmospheric general circulation model integrations. The integrations are forced by specifying observed sea surface temperature (SST) variability over a forcing domain. The forcing domain is the global ocean for the rst ensemble, limited to the tropical ocean f...